Human life greatly inifluenees the language being used; in the mean time, the language reflects and records some characteristics of human life. This paper analyzes three types of current development of English vocabulary in Britain, and tries to shed light on the relationship between human life and language using....
Copper consumption increased very quickly in China in recent years, which could not be met by inland copper industry. In order to achieve a sustainable development of copper industry, an analysis of copper recycling in China was necessary. For the life cycle of copper products a copper-flow diagram with time factor was worked out and the contemporary copper recycling in China was analyzed, from which the following data were obtained. The average life cycle of copper products was 30 years. From 1998 to 2002, the use ratio of copper scraps in copper production, the use ratio of copper scraps in copper manufacture, the materials self-support ratio in copper production, and the materials self-support ratio in copper manufacture were 26.50%, 15.49%, 48.05% and 59.41%, respectively. The materials self-support ratios in copper production and manufacture declined year by year in recent years on the whole, and the latter dropped more quickly. The average index of copper ore and copper scrap from 1998 to 2002 were 0.8475 t/t and 0.0736 t/t, respectively; and copper resource efficiency was 1.1855 t/t. Some efforts should be paid to reduce copper ores consumption and promote copper scraps regeneration.Copper scraps were mostly imported from foreign countries because of shortage in recent years in China. Here the reasons related to copper scraps deficiency were also demonstrated. But we can forecast: when copper production was in a slow rise or in a steady state in China, the deficiency of copper scraps may be mitigated; when copper production was in a steady state for a very long time, copper scraps may become relatively abundant. According to the status of copper industry in China, the raw materials of copper production and manufacture have to depend on oversea markets heavily in recent years, and at the same time, the copper scraps using proportion and efficiency in copper industry should be improved....
Based on the practice of magnesium production in China,a quantitative evaluation of the environment impact was carried out according to the theory and framework of life cycle assessment (LCA) study.The major gaseous pollutants including CO2,SO2,NOx,CH4,HF and particulates were calculated.The accumulative environmental performances of different energy use strategies and the characterization results,including abiotic depletion potential (ADP),global warming potential (GWP),acidification potential (AP) and human-toxicity potential (HTP) were compared.The results show that the direct emission of fuel combustion in the process is the major contributor to the pollutants emission of magnesium production.Global warming potential and acidification potential make the main contribution to the accumulative environmental impact.The different fuel use strategies in the practice of magnesium production cause much different impacts on the environmental performance.The accumulative environmental impact of coal burned directly is the highest,and that of producer-gas comes to the next,while that of coke-oven gas is the lowest....
In this paper,a series of fatigue tests were performed to study the effect of drilling process on fatigue behavior of open holes in dog-bone specimens drilled by the traditional drilling process and advanced Winslow drilling process.The evaluations of initial fatigue qualities of the two types of holes were carried out based on the equivalent initial flaw size method and coincidence criterion.Fatigue fracture surfaces were observed by stereomicroscope.The results show that the location where the fatigue crack initiates is unchanged when these two different drilling processes are used.A longer fatigue life shows a more severe dispersibility.When the Winslow drilling process is adopted,the equivalent initial flaw size is smaller than 0.125 mm.The Winslow drilling process meets the requirement of coincidence criterion....
In this paper,a series of fatigue tests were performed to study the effect of drilling process on fatigue behavior of open holes in dog-bone specimens drilled by the traditional drilling process and advanced Winslow drilling process.The evaluations of initial fatigue qualities of the two types of holes were carried out based on the equivalent initial flaw size method and coincidence criterion.Fatigue fracture surfaces were observed by stereomicroscope.The results show that the location where the fatigue crack initiates is unchanged when these two different drilling processes are used.A longer fatigue life shows a more severe dispersibility.When the Winslow drilling process is adopted,the equivalent initial flaw size is smaller than 0.125 mm.The Winslow drilling process meets the requirement of coincidence criterion....
Water is the source of all the creatures on the earth and energy is the main factor driving the world. With the increasing population and global change, water and energy conservation have become worldwide focal issues, particularly in the water-stressed and energy-limited regions. Rainwater harvesting, based on the collection and storage of rainfall runoff, has been widely used for domestic use and agricultural production in arid and semiarid regions. It has advantages of simple operation, high adaption, low cost and less energy consumption. This study reviewed rainwater harvesting systems adopted in the Loess Plateau of China and analyzed water use efficiency (WUE) for various rainwater harvesting techniques. Supplemental irrigation using harvested rainwater could increase crop yield by more than 30%, and WUE ranged from 0.7 to 5.7 kg m-3 for spring wheat, corn and flax, and 30-40 kg m-3 for vegetables. Moreover, energy consumption for rainwater harvesting based on single family was compared with traditional water supply in the city of the Loess Plateau using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. Results showed that energy consumption yielded per unit harvested rainwater was 25.96 MJ m-3 yr-1 which was much less than 62.25 MJ m-3 yr-1 for main water supply in Baoji City, Shanxi Province, meaning that rainwater harvesting saved energy by 139.8%as compared to the main water supply system. This study highlights the importance and potential of rainwater harvesting for water and energy conservation in the near future....
With physical method of micro-gap gas discharge, a large amount of hydroxyl radical can be produced in 20t/h pilot-scale system using the ionization of O2 and H2O. In this paper, the effect of biochemistry of hydroxyl radicals on introduced organisms in ballast water was experimentally investigated. The results indicate that the contents of chlorophyl-a, chlorophyl-b, chlorophyl-c and carotenoid are decreased by 35%-64% within 8.0s and further to the lowest limit of test 5 minutes. In addition, the main reasons of cell death are the lipid peroxidation, the strong destruction to the monose, amylose, protein, DNA and RNA of cell, and damage in CAT, POD and SOD of antioxidant enzyme system....
Life cycle assessment is applied to assess the ultra-clean micronized coal oil water slurry (UCMCOWS) with Si-maPro and the environmental impact of UCMCOWS on its whole life cycle is also analyzed. The result shows that the consumption of energy and products are increasing along with the deepening of UCMCOWS processing, UCMCOWS making and combustion arc the two periods which have a bigger impact on eco-system and hu-man health. As a new substitute of fuel, UCMCOWS merits to be utilized more efficiently and reasonably....
